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-rw-r--r--sound/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/ac97/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/ac97/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/aoa/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/aoa/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/aoa/codecs/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/aoa/fabrics/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/aoa/fabrics/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/aoa/soundbus/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/aoa/soundbus/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/aoa/soundbus/i2sbus/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/arm/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/atmel/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/atmel/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/core/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/core/seq/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/core/seq/oss/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/drivers/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/drivers/mpu401/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/drivers/mts64.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.h15
-rw-r--r--sound/drivers/pcsp/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/drivers/pcsp/pcsp.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/drivers/portman2x4.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/drivers/vx/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/firewire/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/firewire/dice/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/firewire/digi00x/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/firewire/fireface/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/firewire/fireworks/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/firewire/oxfw/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/firewire/tascam/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/array.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/ext/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/hda_bus_type.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/hdac_bus.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/hdac_controller.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/hdac_device.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/hdac_stream.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/ad1816a/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/ad1848/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/adlib.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/cmi8328.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/es1688/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/galaxy/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/galaxy/azt1605.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/galaxy/azt2316.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h15
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h15
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h15
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/isa/wss/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/mips/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/mips/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/oss/dmasound/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/oss/dmasound/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_atari.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_paula.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_q40.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/parisc/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/parisc/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/ac97/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/ali5451/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/asihpi/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/aw2/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/azt3328.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/bt87x.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/ca0106/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/cs46xx/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/cs5530.c11
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/cs5535audio/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/ctxfi/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/ca0132_regs.h15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.c6
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.h6
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_eld.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h6
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_hwdep.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.c6
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.h6
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0110.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_cirrus.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_cmedia.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_conexant.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/korg1212/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/lola/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/lx6464es/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.c18
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.h18
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.c17
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.h17
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_defs.h17
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/mixart/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/nm256/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/pcxhr/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/riptide/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/rme32.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/trident/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/vx222/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pci/ymfpci/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pcmcia/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/pcmcia/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/pcmcia/vx/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/ppc/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/ppc/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/sh/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/sh/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/adi/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/adi/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/amd/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/amd/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/atmel/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/atmel/atmel-classd.c5
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/atmel/atmel-pdmic.c5
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/au1x/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/au1x/ac97c.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/au1x/db1000.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/au1x/db1200.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/au1x/dma.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/au1x/i2sc.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/bcm/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/bcm/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/cirrus/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/ad73311.h17
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/inno_rk3036.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.h14
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.c3
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.h3
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/ssm2602.h16
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic26.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic32x4.c16
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/dwc/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/dwc/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/fsl/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/generic/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/hisilicon/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/hisilicon/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/img/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/intel/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/intel/baytrail/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/intel/boards/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/intel/haswell/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/jz4740/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/jz4740/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/kirkwood/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/kirkwood/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/mediatek/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/meson/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/mxs/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.h15
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.h15
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/mxs/mxs-sgtl5000.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/nuc900/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/pxa/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/pxa/imote2.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/qcom/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/qcom/qdsp6/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/rockchip/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/samsung/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sirf/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio-port.c3
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio.c3
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.c3
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.h3
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sof/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sof/intel/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sof/xtensa/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/spear/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sprd/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sti/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sti/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/stm/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sunxi/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-codec.c11
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-spdif.c11
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/tegra/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/ti/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/txx9/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/ux500/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/xilinx/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/xilinx/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/xtensa/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/xtensa/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/zte/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/soc/zte/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/sparc/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/sparc/amd7930.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/sparc/cs4231.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/sparc/dbri.c1
-rw-r--r--sound/spi/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/spi/at73c213.h19
-rw-r--r--sound/synth/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/usb/6fire/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/usb/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/usb/bcd2000/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/usb/caiaq/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/usb/hiface/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/usb/line6/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/usb/misc/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c15
-rw-r--r--sound/x86/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--sound/x86/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--sound/xen/Kconfig1
234 files changed, 234 insertions, 804 deletions
diff --git a/sound/Kconfig b/sound/Kconfig
index 1140e9988fc5..36785410fbe1 100644
--- a/sound/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menuconfig SOUND
 	tristate "Sound card support"
 	depends on HAS_IOMEM
diff --git a/sound/ac97/Kconfig b/sound/ac97/Kconfig
index baa5f8ef89d2..f0e31f2bb04d 100644
--- a/sound/ac97/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/ac97/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # AC97 configuration
 #
diff --git a/sound/ac97/Makefile b/sound/ac97/Makefile
index f9c2640bfb59..f5efa1ad7e7f 100644
--- a/sound/ac97/Makefile
+++ b/sound/ac97/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # make for AC97 bus drivers
 #
diff --git a/sound/aoa/Kconfig b/sound/aoa/Kconfig
index c081e18b9540..d70ca0f33c67 100644
--- a/sound/aoa/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/aoa/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menuconfig SND_AOA
 	tristate "Apple Onboard Audio driver"
 	depends on PPC_PMAC
diff --git a/sound/aoa/Makefile b/sound/aoa/Makefile
index a8c037f908f8..8dbfb01ba227 100644
--- a/sound/aoa/Makefile
+++ b/sound/aoa/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AOA) += core/
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AOA_SOUNDBUS) += soundbus/
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AOA) += fabrics/
diff --git a/sound/aoa/codecs/Kconfig b/sound/aoa/codecs/Kconfig
index 0c68e32834c3..8ac13fdbcfe0 100644
--- a/sound/aoa/codecs/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/aoa/codecs/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_AOA_ONYX
 	tristate "support Onyx chip"
 	select I2C
diff --git a/sound/aoa/fabrics/Kconfig b/sound/aoa/fabrics/Kconfig
index 3ca475a886b1..1d8a718e9c56 100644
--- a/sound/aoa/fabrics/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/aoa/fabrics/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_AOA_FABRIC_LAYOUT
 	tristate "layout-id fabric"
 	select SND_AOA_SOUNDBUS
diff --git a/sound/aoa/fabrics/Makefile b/sound/aoa/fabrics/Makefile
index da37c10eca51..3f1d55f3f1fc 100644
--- a/sound/aoa/fabrics/Makefile
+++ b/sound/aoa/fabrics/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-aoa-fabric-layout-objs += layout.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AOA_FABRIC_LAYOUT) += snd-aoa-fabric-layout.o
diff --git a/sound/aoa/soundbus/Kconfig b/sound/aoa/soundbus/Kconfig
index 839d1137b9b2..ac084df0f97b 100644
--- a/sound/aoa/soundbus/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/aoa/soundbus/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_AOA_SOUNDBUS
 	tristate "Apple Soundbus support"
 	select SND_PCM
diff --git a/sound/aoa/soundbus/Makefile b/sound/aoa/soundbus/Makefile
index 0e61f5aa06b5..e0b61cf5518e 100644
--- a/sound/aoa/soundbus/Makefile
+++ b/sound/aoa/soundbus/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AOA_SOUNDBUS) += snd-aoa-soundbus.o
 snd-aoa-soundbus-objs := core.o sysfs.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AOA_SOUNDBUS_I2S) += i2sbus/
diff --git a/sound/aoa/soundbus/i2sbus/Makefile b/sound/aoa/soundbus/i2sbus/Makefile
index 1b949b2a4028..1b38c87fef09 100644
--- a/sound/aoa/soundbus/i2sbus/Makefile
+++ b/sound/aoa/soundbus/i2sbus/Makefile
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AOA_SOUNDBUS_I2S) += snd-aoa-i2sbus.o
 snd-aoa-i2sbus-objs := core.o pcm.o control.o
diff --git a/sound/arm/Kconfig b/sound/arm/Kconfig
index 28867732a318..dea2c661b353 100644
--- a/sound/arm/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/arm/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA ARM drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_ARM
diff --git a/sound/atmel/Kconfig b/sound/atmel/Kconfig
index d789cbcb9106..6ed2d4a73374 100644
--- a/sound/atmel/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/atmel/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menu "Atmel devices (AT91)"
 	depends on ARCH_AT91
 
diff --git a/sound/atmel/Makefile b/sound/atmel/Makefile
index d4009d1430ed..57bc6f65be19 100644
--- a/sound/atmel/Makefile
+++ b/sound/atmel/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-atmel-ac97c-objs		:= ac97c.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_ATMEL_AC97C)	+= snd-atmel-ac97c.o
diff --git a/sound/core/Kconfig b/sound/core/Kconfig
index 63b3ef9c83f5..4ee79ad6ae22 100644
--- a/sound/core/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/core/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA soundcard-configuration
 config SND_TIMER
 	tristate
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/Kconfig b/sound/core/seq/Kconfig
index 45c1336c6597..f84718a44980 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/core/seq/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SEQUENCER
 	tristate "Sequencer support"
 	select SND_TIMER
diff --git a/sound/core/seq/oss/Makefile b/sound/core/seq/oss/Makefile
index 4ea4e3eea6b7..f1a60878549a 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/oss/Makefile
+++ b/sound/core/seq/oss/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 1999 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/drivers/Kconfig b/sound/drivers/Kconfig
index 648a12da44f9..09932cc98e9d 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/drivers/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_MPU401_UART
         tristate
         select SND_RAWMIDI
diff --git a/sound/drivers/mpu401/Makefile b/sound/drivers/mpu401/Makefile
index 918f83f34c11..3dfd5b374c4f 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/mpu401/Makefile
+++ b/sound/drivers/mpu401/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/drivers/mts64.c b/sound/drivers/mts64.c
index b68e71ca7abd..44776e1463cb 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/mts64.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/mts64.c
@@ -1,21 +1,7 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*     
  *   ALSA Driver for Ego Systems Inc. (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
  *   Copyright (c) 2006 by Matthias König <mk@phasorlab.de>
- *
- *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 
- *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 
- *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 
- *   (at your option) any later version. 
- *
- *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *   GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
- *
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.c b/sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.c
index d16bc14a0f0e..4c491d0ff071 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Helper functions for indirect PCM data transfer to a simple FIFO in
  * hardware (small, no possibility to read "hardware io position",
@@ -9,20 +10,6 @@
  *
  *  Copyright (c) by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
  *                   Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
- *
- *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *   (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *   GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *   Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
  */
 
 /* snd_printk/d() */
diff --git a/sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.h b/sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.h
index 2ea6e460f348..355ce76d2403 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.h
+++ b/sound/drivers/pcm-indirect2.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * Helper functions for indirect PCM data transfer to a simple FIFO in
  * hardware (small, no possibility to read "hardware io position",
@@ -9,20 +10,6 @@
  *
  *  Copyright (c) by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
  *                   Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
- *
- *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *   (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *   GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *   Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
  */
 
 #ifndef __SOUND_PCM_INDIRECT2_H
diff --git a/sound/drivers/pcsp/Makefile b/sound/drivers/pcsp/Makefile
index b19555b440da..77dc0ee1b598 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/pcsp/Makefile
+++ b/sound/drivers/pcsp/Makefile
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-pcsp-objs := pcsp.o pcsp_lib.o pcsp_mixer.o pcsp_input.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_PCSP) += snd-pcsp.o
diff --git a/sound/drivers/pcsp/pcsp.c b/sound/drivers/pcsp/pcsp.c
index d83ad3820f02..14aacd8267d1 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/pcsp/pcsp.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/pcsp/pcsp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * PC-Speaker driver for Linux
  *
diff --git a/sound/drivers/portman2x4.c b/sound/drivers/portman2x4.c
index 3cdf0a88d71b..ecefa7c83134 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/portman2x4.c
+++ b/sound/drivers/portman2x4.c
@@ -1,22 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  *   Driver for Midiman Portman2x4 parallel port midi interface
  *
  *   Copyright (c) by Levent Guendogdu <levon@feature-it.com>
  *
- *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *   (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *   GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *   Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- *
  * ChangeLog
  * Jan 24 2007 Matthias Koenig <mkoenig@suse.de>
  *      - cleanup and rewrite
diff --git a/sound/drivers/vx/Makefile b/sound/drivers/vx/Makefile
index 9a168a3c1560..d9f9ac670378 100644
--- a/sound/drivers/vx/Makefile
+++ b/sound/drivers/vx/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/firewire/Kconfig b/sound/firewire/Kconfig
index b9e96d0b3a0a..b0a904cdb932 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/firewire/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menuconfig SND_FIREWIRE
 	bool "FireWire sound devices"
 	depends on FIREWIRE
diff --git a/sound/firewire/dice/Makefile b/sound/firewire/dice/Makefile
index 37062a233f6a..115eadd8d42e 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/dice/Makefile
+++ b/sound/firewire/dice/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-dice-objs := dice-transaction.o dice-stream.o dice-proc.o dice-midi.o \
 		 dice-pcm.o dice-hwdep.o dice.o dice-tcelectronic.o \
 		 dice-alesis.o dice-extension.o dice-mytek.o
diff --git a/sound/firewire/digi00x/Makefile b/sound/firewire/digi00x/Makefile
index 1123e68c8b28..8add0cd9af3a 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/digi00x/Makefile
+++ b/sound/firewire/digi00x/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-firewire-digi00x-objs := amdtp-dot.o digi00x-stream.o digi00x-proc.o \
 			     digi00x-pcm.o digi00x-hwdep.o \
 			     digi00x-transaction.o digi00x-midi.o digi00x.o
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireface/Makefile b/sound/firewire/fireface/Makefile
index d64f4e2a1096..3aef221ce4b0 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireface/Makefile
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireface/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-fireface-objs := ff.o ff-transaction.o ff-midi.o ff-proc.o amdtp-ff.o \
 		     ff-stream.o ff-pcm.o ff-hwdep.o ff-protocol-former.o \
 		     ff-protocol-latter.o
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireworks/Makefile b/sound/firewire/fireworks/Makefile
index 15ef7f75a8ef..3386121b2a04 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireworks/Makefile
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireworks/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-fireworks-objs := fireworks_transaction.o fireworks_command.o \
 		      fireworks_stream.o fireworks_proc.o fireworks_midi.o \
 		      fireworks_pcm.o fireworks_hwdep.o fireworks.o
diff --git a/sound/firewire/oxfw/Makefile b/sound/firewire/oxfw/Makefile
index b474da7c6a1f..669d1e8238df 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/oxfw/Makefile
+++ b/sound/firewire/oxfw/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-oxfw-objs := oxfw-command.o oxfw-stream.o oxfw-pcm.o oxfw-proc.o \
 		 oxfw-midi.o oxfw-hwdep.o oxfw-spkr.o oxfw-scs1x.o oxfw.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_OXFW) += snd-oxfw.o
diff --git a/sound/firewire/tascam/Makefile b/sound/firewire/tascam/Makefile
index 0fc955d5bd15..a1d21f244d64 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/tascam/Makefile
+++ b/sound/firewire/tascam/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-firewire-tascam-objs := tascam-proc.o amdtp-tascam.o tascam-stream.o \
 			    tascam-pcm.o tascam-hwdep.o tascam-transaction.o \
 			    tascam-midi.o tascam.o
diff --git a/sound/hda/Kconfig b/sound/hda/Kconfig
index 2d90e11b3eaa..f6feced15f17 100644
--- a/sound/hda/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/hda/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_HDA_CORE
 	tristate
 	select REGMAP
diff --git a/sound/hda/array.c b/sound/hda/array.c
index 5dfa610e4471..a204dcee0034 100644
--- a/sound/hda/array.c
+++ b/sound/hda/array.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * generic arrays
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/ext/Makefile b/sound/hda/ext/Makefile
index 9b6f641c7777..154779bdc0ba 100644
--- a/sound/hda/ext/Makefile
+++ b/sound/hda/ext/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-hda-ext-core-objs := hdac_ext_bus.o hdac_ext_controller.o hdac_ext_stream.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_HDA_EXT_CORE) += snd-hda-ext-core.o
diff --git a/sound/hda/hda_bus_type.c b/sound/hda/hda_bus_type.c
index 3060e2aee36f..eea6b63f8305 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hda_bus_type.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hda_bus_type.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio bus
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c b/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c
index 10e5d261fde1..14e57ffd5bc1 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio core bus driver
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c b/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c
index b2e9454f5816..b02f74528b66 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio controller helpers
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_device.c b/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
index 4769f4c03e14..6907dbefd08c 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio codec core device
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c b/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c
index 996dbc850224..f399a1552e73 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Regmap support for HD-audio verbs
  *
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c b/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c
index 76e9b41fcea2..55d53b89ac21 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio stream operations
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c b/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c
index f21633cd9b38..886cb7811bd6 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HDMI Channel map support helpers
  */
diff --git a/sound/isa/Kconfig b/sound/isa/Kconfig
index d7db1eeebc84..b690ed937cbe 100644
--- a/sound/isa/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/isa/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA ISA drivers
 
 config SND_WSS_LIB
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1816a/Makefile b/sound/isa/ad1816a/Makefile
index 487ab23860e3..93def7f16933 100644
--- a/sound/isa/ad1816a/Makefile
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1816a/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1848/Makefile b/sound/isa/ad1848/Makefile
index 3d6dea3ff927..4eab89bbc845 100644
--- a/sound/isa/ad1848/Makefile
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1848/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/isa/adlib.c b/sound/isa/adlib.c
index 5fb619eca5c8..5105524b6f38 100644
--- a/sound/isa/adlib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/adlib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * AdLib FM card driver.
  */
diff --git a/sound/isa/cmi8328.c b/sound/isa/cmi8328.c
index 617977516201..250db35109a2 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cmi8328.c
+++ b/sound/isa/cmi8328.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Driver for C-Media CMI8328-based soundcards, such as AudioExcel AV500
  * Copyright (c) 2012 Ondrej Zary
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile b/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile
index 6d397e8d54ac..91c6b8d64424 100644
--- a/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/isa/es1688/Makefile b/sound/isa/es1688/Makefile
index aee1e4ddb22a..c683ac36c50e 100644
--- a/sound/isa/es1688/Makefile
+++ b/sound/isa/es1688/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/isa/galaxy/Makefile b/sound/isa/galaxy/Makefile
index e307066d4315..ff861f238093 100644
--- a/sound/isa/galaxy/Makefile
+++ b/sound/isa/galaxy/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
diff --git a/sound/isa/galaxy/azt1605.c b/sound/isa/galaxy/azt1605.c
index 9a97643cb713..545fb13fbea6 100644
--- a/sound/isa/galaxy/azt1605.c
+++ b/sound/isa/galaxy/azt1605.c
@@ -1,20 +1,7 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Aztech AZT1605 Driver
  * Copyright (C) 2007,2010  Rene Herman
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- *
  */
 
 #define AZT1605
diff --git a/sound/isa/galaxy/azt2316.c b/sound/isa/galaxy/azt2316.c
index 189441141df6..76251e845f85 100644
--- a/sound/isa/galaxy/azt2316.c
+++ b/sound/isa/galaxy/azt2316.c
@@ -1,20 +1,7 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Aztech AZT2316 Driver
  * Copyright (C) 2007,2010  Rene Herman
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- *
  */
 
 #define AZT2316
diff --git a/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c b/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c
index af9eea41379f..ce409e75ae51 100644
--- a/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c
+++ b/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c
@@ -1,20 +1,7 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Aztech AZT1605/AZT2316 Driver
  * Copyright (C) 2007,2010  Rene Herman
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- *
  */
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c
index 7c3203fe4869..82d071492201 100644
--- a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*********************************************************************
  *
  * 2002/06/30 Karsten Wiese:
@@ -19,20 +20,6 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- *
  ********************************************************************/
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h
index 80c718757eef..533d71cee9ba 100644
--- a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*********************************************************************
  *
  * msnd.h
@@ -10,20 +11,6 @@
  * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
  * Copyright (C) 1993 Turtle Beach Systems, Inc.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- *
  ********************************************************************/
 #ifndef __MSND_H
 #define __MSND_H
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h
index f18d5fa5baf4..74d2b9af4683 100644
--- a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*********************************************************************
  *
  * msnd_classic.h
@@ -10,20 +11,6 @@
  * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
  * Copyright (C) 1993 Turtle Beach Systems, Inc.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- *
  ********************************************************************/
 #ifndef __MSND_CLASSIC_H
 #define __MSND_CLASSIC_H
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c
index 11af9c40bc05..e435ebd0ced4 100644
--- a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*********************************************************************
  *
  * Linux multisound pinnacle/fiji driver for ALSA.
@@ -10,7 +11,6 @@
  *	support in alsa, i left all the MSND_CLASSIC tokens in this file.
  *	but for now this untested & undone.
  *
- *
  * ripped from linux kernel 2.4.18 by Karsten Wiese.
  *
  * the following is a copy of the 2.4.18 OSS FREE file-heading comment:
@@ -30,20 +30,6 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- *
  ********************************************************************/
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h
index 48318d1ee340..c928d8492ef2 100644
--- a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*********************************************************************
  *
  * msnd_pinnacle.h
@@ -10,20 +11,6 @@
  * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
  * Copyright (C) 1993 Turtle Beach Systems, Inc.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- *
  ********************************************************************/
 #ifndef __MSND_PINNACLE_H
 #define __MSND_PINNACLE_H
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile b/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile
index 601bdddd44d0..b8406dce81f5 100644
--- a/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/isa/wss/Makefile b/sound/isa/wss/Makefile
index 454fee769a31..34d0636b3dc3 100644
--- a/sound/isa/wss/Makefile
+++ b/sound/isa/wss/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2008 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/mips/Kconfig b/sound/mips/Kconfig
index 4a4705031cb9..8a33402fd415 100644
--- a/sound/mips/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/mips/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA MIPS drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_MIPS
diff --git a/sound/mips/Makefile b/sound/mips/Makefile
index b977c44330d6..ccc364eca692 100644
--- a/sound/mips/Makefile
+++ b/sound/mips/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 #
diff --git a/sound/oss/dmasound/Kconfig b/sound/oss/dmasound/Kconfig
index f456574a964d..12e42165b4a5 100644
--- a/sound/oss/dmasound/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/oss/dmasound/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config DMASOUND_ATARI
 	tristate "Atari DMA sound support"
 	depends on ATARI && SOUND
diff --git a/sound/oss/dmasound/Makefile b/sound/oss/dmasound/Makefile
index 3c1531652d11..de8ae8346a09 100644
--- a/sound/oss/dmasound/Makefile
+++ b/sound/oss/dmasound/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for the DMA sound driver
 #
diff --git a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_atari.c b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_atari.c
index a1a2979c0bb1..83653683fd68 100644
--- a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_atari.c
+++ b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_atari.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_atari.c
  *
diff --git a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_paula.c b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_paula.c
index 81eb82c4675a..23cf8284ce36 100644
--- a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_paula.c
+++ b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_paula.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_paula.c
  *
diff --git a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_q40.c b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_q40.c
index be4fe15cfd6b..e25a78dd1bf2 100644
--- a/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_q40.c
+++ b/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_q40.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/sound/oss/dmasound/dmasound_q40.c
  *
diff --git a/sound/parisc/Kconfig b/sound/parisc/Kconfig
index 9b61d95010f0..425ceaf9c990 100644
--- a/sound/parisc/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/parisc/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA PA-RISC drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_GSC
diff --git a/sound/parisc/Makefile b/sound/parisc/Makefile
index b91e750aba02..10891c3b7d91 100644
--- a/sound/parisc/Makefile
+++ b/sound/parisc/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 #
diff --git a/sound/pci/Kconfig b/sound/pci/Kconfig
index 4105d9f653d9..7630f808d087 100644
--- a/sound/pci/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/pci/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA PCI drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_PCI
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/Makefile b/sound/pci/ac97/Makefile
index 526175333710..c74e769f3523 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ac97/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pci/ali5451/Makefile b/sound/pci/ali5451/Makefile
index 713459c12d22..8156198fbaeb 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ali5451/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/ali5451/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c b/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c
index f7fbe05836b3..6e28e381c21a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ali5451/ali5451.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  *  Matt Wu <Matt_Wu@acersoftech.com.cn>
  *  Apr 26, 2001
@@ -8,21 +9,6 @@
  *
  *  TODO:
  *    --
- *
- *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public Lcodecnse as published by
- *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the Lcodecnse, or
- *   (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *   GNU General Public Lcodecnse for more details.
- *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public Lcodecnse
- *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
- *
  */
 
 #include <linux/io.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/asihpi/Makefile b/sound/pci/asihpi/Makefile
index 391830a4556c..8351f8f5b523 100644
--- a/sound/pci/asihpi/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/asihpi/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-asihpi-objs := asihpi.o hpioctl.o hpimsginit.o\
 	hpicmn.o hpifunc.o hpidebug.o hpidspcd.o\
 	hpios.o hpi6000.o hpi6205.o hpimsgx.o
diff --git a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
index 32092184bbf2..782333c90223 100644
--- a/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
+++ b/sound/pci/au88x0/au88x0.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * ALSA driver for the Aureal Vortex family of soundprocessors.
  * Author: Manuel Jander (mjander@embedded.cl)
diff --git a/sound/pci/aw2/Makefile b/sound/pci/aw2/Makefile
index 842335d3b735..f9045afb4cda 100644
--- a/sound/pci/aw2/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/aw2/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-aw2-objs := aw2-alsa.o aw2-saa7146.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AW2) += snd-aw2.o
diff --git a/sound/pci/azt3328.c b/sound/pci/azt3328.c
index 90348817f096..f92c9cbb955a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/azt3328.c
+++ b/sound/pci/azt3328.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*  azt3328.c - driver for Aztech AZF3328 based soundcards (e.g. PCI168).
  *  Copyright (C) 2002, 2005 - 2011 by Andreas Mohr <andi AT lisas.de>
  *
@@ -16,21 +17,6 @@
  *   despite the high level of Internet ignorance - as usual :-P -
  *   about very good support for this card - on Linux!)
  *
- * GPL LICENSE
- *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
- *
  * NOTES
  *  Since Aztech does not provide any chipset documentation,
  *  even on repeated request to various addresses,
diff --git a/sound/pci/bt87x.c b/sound/pci/bt87x.c
index 0adcba10c067..66a5a24e7558 100644
--- a/sound/pci/bt87x.c
+++ b/sound/pci/bt87x.c
@@ -1,24 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * bt87x.c - Brooktree Bt878/Bt879 driver for ALSA
  *
  * Copyright (c) Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
  *
  * based on btaudio.c by Gerd Knorr <kraxel@bytesex.org>
- *
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/ca0106/Makefile b/sound/pci/ca0106/Makefile
index c1455fc5588c..9e51d3df3ee8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ca0106/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/ca0106/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-ca0106-objs := ca0106_main.o ca0106_mixer.o ca_midi.o
 snd-ca0106-$(CONFIG_SND_PROC_FS) += ca0106_proc.o
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs46xx/Makefile b/sound/pci/cs46xx/Makefile
index 67e811ec8539..3ed2ceb404e5 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs46xx/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/cs46xx/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs5530.c b/sound/pci/cs5530.c
index 0a8cf94c4858..3ab7ec565071 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs5530.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs5530.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * cs5530.c - Initialisation code for Cyrix/NatSemi VSA1 softaudio
  *
@@ -21,16 +22,6 @@
  * Thanks to National Semiconductor for providing the needed information
  * on the XpressAudio(tm) internals.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
- * Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
- * later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * General Public License for more details.
- *
  * TO DO:
  *	Investigate whether we can portably support Cognac (5520) in the
  *	same manner.
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/Makefile b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/Makefile
index a8f75f8dfda9..447e628751a2 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for cs5535audio
 #
diff --git a/sound/pci/ctxfi/Makefile b/sound/pci/ctxfi/Makefile
index 15075f89e98a..70888706a0af 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ctxfi/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/ctxfi/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-ctxfi-objs := xfi.o ctatc.o ctvmem.o ctpcm.o ctmixer.o ctresource.o \
 	ctsrc.o ctamixer.o ctdaio.o ctimap.o cthardware.o cttimer.o \
 	cthw20k2.o cthw20k1.o
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/Kconfig b/sound/pci/hda/Kconfig
index 4235907b7858..35d934309cb2 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menu "HD-Audio"
 
 config SND_HDA
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/ca0132_regs.h b/sound/pci/hda/ca0132_regs.h
index 8371274aa811..0ead571fb447 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/ca0132_regs.h
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/ca0132_regs.h
@@ -1,22 +1,9 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * HD audio interface patch for Creative CA0132 chip.
  * CA0132 registers defines.
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2011, Creative Technology Ltd.
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #ifndef __CA0132_REGS_H
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.c
index df0d636145f8..92390d457567 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.c
@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * BIOS auto-parser helper functions for HD-audio
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2012 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- * This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
  */
 
 #include <linux/slab.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.h b/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.h
index 2b8e29fd73e7..a22ca0e17a08 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.h
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.h
@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * BIOS auto-parser helper functions for HD-audio
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2012 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- * This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
  */
 
 #ifndef __SOUND_HDA_AUTO_PARSER_H
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
index 1ec706ced75c..8272b50b8349 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio codec driver binding
  * Copyright (c) Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
index b20eb7fc83eb..c5e46df9c548 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
@@ -1,22 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Universal Interface for Intel High Definition Audio Codec
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2004 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_eld.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_eld.c
index 806b12ed44a2..d081fb2880a0 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_eld.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_eld.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Generic routines and proc interface for ELD(EDID Like Data) information
  *
@@ -6,20 +7,6 @@
  *
  * Authors:
  * 		Wu Fengguang <wfg@linux.intel.com>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
index 4095cd7c56c6..485edaba0037 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
@@ -1,23 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Universal Interface for Intel High Definition Audio Codec
  *
  * Generic widget tree parser
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2004 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h
index 78d77042b05a..35a670a71c42 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h
@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * Generic BIOS auto-parser helper functions for HD-audio
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2012 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- * This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
  */
 
 #ifndef __SOUND_HDA_GENERIC_H
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_hwdep.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_hwdep.c
index 268bba6ec985..125e97fe0b1c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_hwdep.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_hwdep.c
@@ -1,21 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * HWDEP Interface for HD-audio codec
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2007 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.c
index 74b46952fc98..6d9acd5c4e41 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.c
@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Jack-detection handling for HD-audio
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- * This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.h b/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.h
index 1d713201c160..22fe7ee43e82 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.h
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.h
@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * Jack-detection handling for HD-audio
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- * This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
  */
 
 #ifndef __SOUND_HDA_JACK_H
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c
index 853842987fa1..468836c65445 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c
@@ -1,24 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Universal Interface for Intel High Definition Audio Codec
  * 
  * Generic proc interface
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2004 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
index c154b19a0c45..fcc34417cbce 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * sysfs interface for HD-audio codec
  *
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c
index ebfd0be885b3..e283966bdbb1 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c
@@ -1,22 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * HD audio interface patch for AD1882, AD1884, AD1981HD, AD1983, AD1984,
  *   AD1986A, AD1988
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2005-2007 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0110.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0110.c
index 21d0f0610913..e780922a1190 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0110.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0110.c
@@ -1,21 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * HD audio interface patch for Creative X-Fi CA0110-IBG chip
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2008 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
index e1ebc6d5f382..c3096796ee05 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * HD audio interface patch for Creative CA0132 chip
  *
@@ -5,20 +6,6 @@
  *
  * Based on patch_ca0110.c
  * Copyright (c) 2008 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_cirrus.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_cirrus.c
index 64fa5a82bb9f..f46204ab0b90 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_cirrus.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_cirrus.c
@@ -1,21 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * HD audio interface patch for Cirrus Logic CS420x chip
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2009 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_cmedia.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_cmedia.c
index 52642ba3e2c0..2ddd33f8dd6c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_cmedia.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_cmedia.c
@@ -1,24 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Universal Interface for Intel High Definition Audio Codec
  *
  * HD audio interface patch for C-Media CMI9880
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2004 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_conexant.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_conexant.c
index fb65ad31e86c..4f8d0845ee1e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_conexant.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_conexant.c
@@ -1,23 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * HD audio interface patch for Conexant HDA audio codec
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2006 Pototskiy Akex <alex.pototskiy@gmail.com>
  * 		      Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
  * 		      Tobin Davis  <tdavis@dsl-only.net>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
index f83f21d64dd4..2c1942dc6147 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Universal Interface for Intel High Definition Audio Codec
  *
@@ -7,20 +8,6 @@
  *                    PeiSen Hou <pshou@realtek.com.tw>
  *                    Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
  *                    Jonathan Woithe <jwoithe@just42.net>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c
index c49d25bcd7f2..763eae80a148 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Universal Interface for Intel High Definition Audio Codec
  *
@@ -5,21 +6,6 @@
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2005 Sasha Khapyorsky <sashak@alsa-project.org>
  *                    Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c
index 1b6ecfb01759..0d9b62768241 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Universal Interface for Intel High Definition Audio Codec
  *
@@ -8,20 +9,6 @@
  *
  * Based on patch_cmedia.c and patch_realtek.c
  * Copyright (c) 2004 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c
index 9f6f13e25145..29dcdb8b36db 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Universal Interface for Intel High Definition Audio Codec
  *
@@ -5,20 +6,6 @@
  *
  *  (C) 2006-2009 VIA Technology, Inc.
  *  (C) 2006-2008 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
- *
- *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
  */
 
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * Release History * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
diff --git a/sound/pci/korg1212/Makefile b/sound/pci/korg1212/Makefile
index f11ce1b1b3d4..42eb287c77af 100644
--- a/sound/pci/korg1212/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/korg1212/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pci/lola/Makefile b/sound/pci/lola/Makefile
index 8178a2a59d00..8fdb5e5a776b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lola/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/lola/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-lola-y := lola.o lola_pcm.o lola_clock.o lola_mixer.o
 snd-lola-$(CONFIG_SND_DEBUG) += lola_proc.o
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/lx6464es/Makefile b/sound/pci/lx6464es/Makefile
index eb04a6c73d8b..c295f68bac68 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lx6464es/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/lx6464es/Makefile
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-lx6464es-objs := lx6464es.o lx_core.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_LX6464ES) += snd-lx6464es.o
diff --git a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.c b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.c
index ae23a2dfbdea..1771a6dcbe18 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.c
+++ b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.c
@@ -1,25 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /* -*- linux-c -*- *
  *
  * ALSA driver for the digigram lx6464es interface
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009 Tim Blechmann <tim@klingt.org>
- *
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
- * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
- * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
- *
  */
 
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.h b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.h
index 1bec187d772f..1cfe10d23fa2 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.h
+++ b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx6464es.h
@@ -1,25 +1,9 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /* -*- linux-c -*- *
  *
  * ALSA driver for the digigram lx6464es interface
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2009 Tim Blechmann <tim@klingt.org>
- *
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
- * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
- * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
- *
  */
 
 #ifndef LX6464ES_H
diff --git a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.c b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.c
index a80684bdc30d..9236a1a8c49b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.c
+++ b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.c
@@ -1,25 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /* -*- linux-c -*- *
  *
  * ALSA driver for the digigram lx6464es interface
  * low-level interface
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2009 Tim Blechmann <tim@klingt.org>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
- * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
- * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
- *
  */
 
 /* #define RMH_DEBUG 1 */
diff --git a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.h b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.h
index 0cc140ca98e3..296013c910b7 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.h
+++ b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_core.h
@@ -1,25 +1,10 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /* -*- linux-c -*- *
  *
  * ALSA driver for the digigram lx6464es interface
  * low-level interface
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2009 Tim Blechmann <tim@klingt.org>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
- * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
- * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
- *
  */
 
 #ifndef LX_CORE_H
diff --git a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_defs.h b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_defs.h
index 469bcc685edf..eca5367ba561 100644
--- a/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_defs.h
+++ b/sound/pci/lx6464es/lx_defs.h
@@ -1,25 +1,10 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /* -*- linux-c -*- *
  *
  * ALSA driver for the digigram lx6464es interface
  * adapted upstream headers
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2009 Tim Blechmann <tim@klingt.org>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
- * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
- * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
- *
  */
 
 #ifndef LX_DEFS_H
diff --git a/sound/pci/mixart/Makefile b/sound/pci/mixart/Makefile
index cce159ec5624..16cfeb78a0b6 100644
--- a/sound/pci/mixart/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/mixart/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pci/nm256/Makefile b/sound/pci/nm256/Makefile
index a1bd44ff850e..3063766ac56b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/nm256/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/nm256/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pci/pcxhr/Makefile b/sound/pci/pcxhr/Makefile
index b06128e918ca..5993d86cfb5d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/pcxhr/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/pcxhr/Makefile
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-pcxhr-objs := pcxhr.o pcxhr_hwdep.o pcxhr_mixer.o pcxhr_core.o pcxhr_mix22.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_PCXHR) += snd-pcxhr.o
diff --git a/sound/pci/riptide/Makefile b/sound/pci/riptide/Makefile
index dcd2e64e4818..9a505bae243e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/riptide/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/riptide/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-riptide-objs := riptide.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_RIPTIDE) += snd-riptide.o
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme32.c b/sound/pci/rme32.c
index c6bcc0715716..40cc6ca88f7b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme32.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  *   ALSA driver for RME Digi32, Digi32/8 and Digi32 PRO audio interfaces
  *
@@ -8,21 +9,6 @@
  *                         Henk Hesselink <henk@anda.nl>
  *                         for writing the digi96-driver 
  *                         and RME for all informations.
- *
- *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *   (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *   GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *   Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- * 
  * 
  * ****************************************************************************
  * 
diff --git a/sound/pci/trident/Makefile b/sound/pci/trident/Makefile
index 88676b50f385..e8975bc37fcb 100644
--- a/sound/pci/trident/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/trident/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pci/vx222/Makefile b/sound/pci/vx222/Makefile
index a4d08d4de354..dda900e45385 100644
--- a/sound/pci/vx222/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/vx222/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pci/ymfpci/Makefile b/sound/pci/ymfpci/Makefile
index bd3d514ed76b..40a1d83e1a9e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ymfpci/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pci/ymfpci/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/Kconfig b/sound/pcmcia/Kconfig
index 7fbb190adf6d..10291c43cb18 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA PCMCIA drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_PCMCIA
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/Makefile b/sound/pcmcia/Makefile
index beef2e33b718..874f09a8e47f 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/Makefile b/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/Makefile
index e892d7299abf..ea0d67576df9 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2004 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/pcmcia/vx/Makefile b/sound/pcmcia/vx/Makefile
index 2bb42ea12f3a..b25006e4d25a 100644
--- a/sound/pcmcia/vx/Makefile
+++ b/sound/pcmcia/vx/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/ppc/Kconfig b/sound/ppc/Kconfig
index 0519c60f5be1..8789cb5034ac 100644
--- a/sound/ppc/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/ppc/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA PowerMac drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_PPC
diff --git a/sound/ppc/Makefile b/sound/ppc/Makefile
index 679c45a8da2c..0188ce3e30b8 100644
--- a/sound/ppc/Makefile
+++ b/sound/ppc/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 # Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
diff --git a/sound/sh/Kconfig b/sound/sh/Kconfig
index 61139f3c1614..b75fbb3236a7 100644
--- a/sound/sh/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/sh/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA SH drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_SUPERH
diff --git a/sound/sh/Makefile b/sound/sh/Makefile
index 7d09b5188cf7..c0bbc500c17c 100644
--- a/sound/sh/Makefile
+++ b/sound/sh/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Makefile for ALSA
 #
diff --git a/sound/soc/Kconfig b/sound/soc/Kconfig
index 297be0ca3dbc..dc86e4073001 100644
--- a/sound/soc/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # SoC audio configuration
 #
diff --git a/sound/soc/adi/Kconfig b/sound/soc/adi/Kconfig
index dd763f55edac..e321e3b672da 100644
--- a/sound/soc/adi/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/adi/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_ADI
 	tristate "Audio support for Analog Devices reference designs"
 	depends on MICROBLAZE || ARCH_ZYNQ || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/adi/Makefile b/sound/soc/adi/Makefile
index 64456c1e5347..125f667b0e08 100644
--- a/sound/soc/adi/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/adi/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-soc-adi-axi-i2s-objs := axi-i2s.o
 snd-soc-adi-axi-spdif-objs := axi-spdif.o
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/amd/Kconfig b/sound/soc/amd/Kconfig
index 33ebec990c2f..9ca9214cb7fb 100644
--- a/sound/soc/amd/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/amd/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_AMD_ACP
 	tristate "AMD Audio Coprocessor support"
 	help
diff --git a/sound/soc/amd/Makefile b/sound/soc/amd/Makefile
index 8e1c571c3161..c4ddc6adb6f0 100644
--- a/sound/soc/amd/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/amd/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 acp_audio_dma-objs := acp-pcm-dma.o
 snd-soc-acp-da7219mx98357-mach-objs := acp-da7219-max98357a.o
 snd-soc-acp-rt5645-mach-objs := acp-rt5645.o
diff --git a/sound/soc/atmel/Kconfig b/sound/soc/atmel/Kconfig
index c473b9e463ab..06c1d5ce642c 100644
--- a/sound/soc/atmel/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/atmel/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_ATMEL_SOC
 	tristate "SoC Audio for the Atmel System-on-Chip"
 	depends on HAS_IOMEM
diff --git a/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-classd.c b/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-classd.c
index 3d70061901a0..94de94b55105 100644
--- a/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-classd.c
+++ b/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-classd.c
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /* Atmel ALSA SoC Audio Class D Amplifier (CLASSD) driver
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2015 Atmel
  *
  * Author: Songjun Wu <songjun.wu@atmel.com>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later
- * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
  */
 
 #include <linux/of.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-pdmic.c b/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-pdmic.c
index 915c2b064de1..c61fa4a5ebc0 100644
--- a/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-pdmic.c
+++ b/sound/soc/atmel/atmel-pdmic.c
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /* Atmel PDMIC driver
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2015 Atmel
  *
  * Author: Songjun Wu <songjun.wu@atmel.com>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later
- * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
  */
 
 #include <linux/of.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/au1x/Kconfig b/sound/soc/au1x/Kconfig
index a56104040e83..38de7c0efbc7 100644
--- a/sound/soc/au1x/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/au1x/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 ##
 ## Au1200/Au1550/Au1300 PSC + DBDMA
 ##
diff --git a/sound/soc/au1x/ac97c.c b/sound/soc/au1x/ac97c.c
index 66d6c52e7761..0792c40e6cc1 100644
--- a/sound/soc/au1x/ac97c.c
+++ b/sound/soc/au1x/ac97c.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Au1000/Au1500/Au1100 AC97C controller driver for ASoC
  *
diff --git a/sound/soc/au1x/db1000.c b/sound/soc/au1x/db1000.c
index e97c32798e98..8b17fd746195 100644
--- a/sound/soc/au1x/db1000.c
+++ b/sound/soc/au1x/db1000.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * DB1000/DB1500/DB1100 ASoC audio fabric support code.
  *
diff --git a/sound/soc/au1x/db1200.c b/sound/soc/au1x/db1200.c
index 301e1fc9a377..2a4621d2bda4 100644
--- a/sound/soc/au1x/db1200.c
+++ b/sound/soc/au1x/db1200.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * DB1200/DB1300/DB1550 ASoC audio fabric support code.
  *
diff --git a/sound/soc/au1x/dma.c b/sound/soc/au1x/dma.c
index efff1e293a1b..1e98cc4f9e27 100644
--- a/sound/soc/au1x/dma.c
+++ b/sound/soc/au1x/dma.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Au1000/Au1500/Au1100 Audio DMA support.
  *
diff --git a/sound/soc/au1x/i2sc.c b/sound/soc/au1x/i2sc.c
index 450c842c776c..46f2b447ec9a 100644
--- a/sound/soc/au1x/i2sc.c
+++ b/sound/soc/au1x/i2sc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Au1000/Au1500/Au1100 I2S controller driver for ASoC
  *
diff --git a/sound/soc/bcm/Kconfig b/sound/soc/bcm/Kconfig
index 02f50b7a966f..0037e96aa228 100644
--- a/sound/soc/bcm/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/bcm/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_BCM2835_SOC_I2S
 	tristate "SoC Audio support for the Broadcom BCM2835 I2S module"
 	depends on ARCH_BCM2835 || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/bcm/Makefile b/sound/soc/bcm/Makefile
index fc739d007884..b81fa421ec27 100644
--- a/sound/soc/bcm/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/bcm/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # BCM2835 Platform Support
 snd-soc-bcm2835-i2s-objs := bcm2835-i2s.o
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/cirrus/Kconfig b/sound/soc/cirrus/Kconfig
index e09199124c36..2333efac758a 100644
--- a/sound/soc/cirrus/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/cirrus/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_EP93XX_SOC
 	tristate "SoC Audio support for the Cirrus Logic EP93xx series"
 	depends on ARCH_EP93XX || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/Kconfig b/sound/soc/codecs/Kconfig
index 8f577258080b..e730d47ac85b 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # Helper to resolve issues with configs that have SPI enabled but I2C
 # modular, meaning we can't build the codec driver in with I2C support.
 # We use an ordered list of conditional defaults to pick the appropriate
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/ad73311.h b/sound/soc/codecs/ad73311.h
index 4b353eefc0bf..774c62d561ba 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/ad73311.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/ad73311.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * File:         sound/soc/codec/ad73311.h
  * Based on:
@@ -6,26 +7,10 @@
  * Created:      Thur Sep 25, 2008
  * Description:  definitions for AD73311 registers
  *
- *
  * Modified:
  *               Copyright 2006 Analog Devices Inc.
  *
  * Bugs:         Enter bugs at http://blackfin.uclinux.org/
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, see the file COPYING, or write
- * to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
- * 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
  */
 
 #ifndef __AD73311_H__
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/inno_rk3036.c b/sound/soc/codecs/inno_rk3036.c
index 85a336ba75f6..7feedbb7bbed 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/inno_rk3036.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/inno_rk3036.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Driver of Inno codec for rk3036 by Rockchip Inc.
  *
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.c b/sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.c
index 7b0d2610cd27..f9830bd3da18 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Copyright 2008 Juergen Beisert, kernel@pengutronix.de
  * Copyright 2009 Sascha Hauer, s.hauer@pengutronix.de
@@ -5,20 +6,6 @@
  *
  * Initial development of this code was funded by
  * Phytec Messtechnik GmbH, http://www.phytec.de
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
- * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
- * MA  02110-1301, USA.
  */
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/device.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.h b/sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.h
index 3a6d1993a217..8992d3ab57e6 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/mc13783.h
@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * Copyright 2008 Juergen Beisert, kernel@pengutronix.de
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
- * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
  */
 
 #ifndef MC13783_MIXER_H
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.c b/sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.c
index e0af21050078..9009a7407b7a 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.c
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * SiRF audio codec driver
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Cambridge Silicon Radio Limited, a CSR plc group company.
- *
- * Licensed under GPLv2 or later.
  */
 
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.h b/sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.h
index ba1adc03839f..a7fe2680f4c7 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/sirf-audio-codec.h
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * SiRF inner codec controllers define
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Cambridge Silicon Radio Limited, a CSR plc group company.
- *
- * Licensed under GPLv2 or later.
  */
 
 #ifndef _SIRF_AUDIO_CODEC_H
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/ssm2602.h b/sound/soc/codecs/ssm2602.h
index 747538847689..05073380a4af 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/ssm2602.h
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/ssm2602.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * File:         sound/soc/codecs/ssm2602.h
  * Author:       Cliff Cai <Cliff.Cai@analog.com>
@@ -8,21 +9,6 @@
  *               Copyright 2008 Analog Devices Inc.
  *
  * Bugs:         Enter bugs at http://blackfin.uclinux.org/
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, see the file COPYING, or write
- * to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
- * 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
  */
 
 #ifndef _SSM2602_H
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic26.c b/sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic26.c
index b91b8d5f1ba3..b9ca3afd4776 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic26.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic26.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Texas Instruments TLV320AIC26 low power audio CODEC
  * ALSA SoC CODEC driver
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic32x4.c b/sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic32x4.c
index 83608f386aef..68165de1c8de 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic32x4.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic32x4.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * linux/sound/soc/codecs/tlv320aic32x4.c
  *
@@ -6,21 +7,6 @@
  * Author: Javier Martin <javier.martin@vista-silicon.com>
  *
  * Based on sound/soc/codecs/wm8974 and TI driver for kernel 2.6.27.
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	 See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
- * MA 02110-1301, USA.
  */
 
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/dwc/Kconfig b/sound/soc/dwc/Kconfig
index aa0c6ec4d93c..0cd1a15f40aa 100644
--- a/sound/soc/dwc/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/dwc/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_DESIGNWARE_I2S
 	tristate "Synopsys I2S Device Driver"
 	depends on CLKDEV_LOOKUP
diff --git a/sound/soc/dwc/Makefile b/sound/soc/dwc/Makefile
index 3e24c0ff95fb..91e1aaab9966 100644
--- a/sound/soc/dwc/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/dwc/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # SYNOPSYS Platform Support
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_DESIGNWARE_I2S) += designware_i2s.o
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/fsl/Kconfig b/sound/soc/fsl/Kconfig
index 55ed47c599e2..aa99c008a925 100644
--- a/sound/soc/fsl/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/fsl/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menu "SoC Audio for Freescale CPUs"
 
 comment "Common SoC Audio options for Freescale CPUs:"
diff --git a/sound/soc/generic/Kconfig b/sound/soc/generic/Kconfig
index 83f1243145b0..a90c3b28bce5 100644
--- a/sound/soc/generic/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/generic/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SIMPLE_CARD_UTILS
        tristate
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/hisilicon/Kconfig b/sound/soc/hisilicon/Kconfig
index 4356d5a1d338..df8fbd8bb4b0 100644
--- a/sound/soc/hisilicon/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/hisilicon/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_I2S_HI6210_I2S
 	tristate "Hisilicon I2S controller"
 	select SND_SOC_GENERIC_DMAENGINE_PCM
diff --git a/sound/soc/hisilicon/Makefile b/sound/soc/hisilicon/Makefile
index e8095e2af91a..02e766378bca 100644
--- a/sound/soc/hisilicon/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/hisilicon/Makefile
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_I2S_HI6210_I2S) += hi6210-i2s.o
diff --git a/sound/soc/img/Kconfig b/sound/soc/img/Kconfig
index 857a9510ee1c..568efa606ca4 100644
--- a/sound/soc/img/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/img/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_IMG
 	bool "Audio support for Imagination Technologies designs"
 	help
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/Kconfig b/sound/soc/intel/Kconfig
index fc1396adde71..1f868da106b7 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_INTEL_SST_TOPLEVEL
 	bool "Intel ASoC SST drivers"
 	default y
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/baytrail/Makefile b/sound/soc/intel/baytrail/Makefile
index 488408cadf6d..4d0806aac6bd 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/baytrail/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/baytrail/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-soc-sst-baytrail-pcm-objs := \
 	        sst-baytrail-ipc.o sst-baytrail-pcm.o sst-baytrail-dsp.o
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/boards/Kconfig b/sound/soc/intel/boards/Kconfig
index e39473a6a5d9..5407d217228e 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/boards/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/boards/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menuconfig SND_SOC_INTEL_MACH
 	bool "Intel Machine drivers"
 	depends on SND_SOC_INTEL_SST_TOPLEVEL || SND_SOC_SOF_INTEL_TOPLEVEL
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/haswell/Makefile b/sound/soc/intel/haswell/Makefile
index 9c1723112d22..ad2341aea8ae 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/haswell/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/haswell/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-soc-sst-haswell-pcm-objs := \
 	        sst-haswell-ipc.o sst-haswell-pcm.o sst-haswell-dsp.o
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/jz4740/Kconfig b/sound/soc/jz4740/Kconfig
index b3f9c41b4319..6b757168693e 100644
--- a/sound/soc/jz4740/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/jz4740/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_JZ4740_SOC
 	tristate "SoC Audio for Ingenic JZ4740 SoC"
 	depends on MIPS || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/jz4740/Makefile b/sound/soc/jz4740/Makefile
index d32c540555c4..fb10e9ad9ff7 100644
--- a/sound/soc/jz4740/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/jz4740/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Jz4740 Platform Support
 #
diff --git a/sound/soc/kirkwood/Kconfig b/sound/soc/kirkwood/Kconfig
index 132bb83f8e99..5d8a86b26fa2 100644
--- a/sound/soc/kirkwood/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/kirkwood/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_KIRKWOOD_SOC
 	tristate "SoC Audio for the Marvell Kirkwood and Dove chips"
 	depends on ARCH_DOVE || ARCH_MVEBU || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/kirkwood/Makefile b/sound/soc/kirkwood/Makefile
index c36b03d8006c..e2d279f16a46 100644
--- a/sound/soc/kirkwood/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/kirkwood/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-soc-kirkwood-objs := kirkwood-dma.o kirkwood-i2s.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_KIRKWOOD_SOC) += snd-soc-kirkwood.o
diff --git a/sound/soc/mediatek/Kconfig b/sound/soc/mediatek/Kconfig
index f70b7109f2b6..933ab51af05b 100644
--- a/sound/soc/mediatek/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/mediatek/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_MEDIATEK
 	tristate
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/meson/Kconfig b/sound/soc/meson/Kconfig
index 8779fe23671d..3085bdd318f3 100644
--- a/sound/soc/meson/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/meson/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menu "ASoC support for Amlogic platforms"
 	depends on ARCH_MESON || COMPILE_TEST
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/mxs/Kconfig b/sound/soc/mxs/Kconfig
index 219235c02212..402ef1ee7a32 100644
--- a/sound/soc/mxs/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/mxs/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menuconfig SND_MXS_SOC
 	tristate "SoC Audio for Freescale MXS CPUs"
 	depends on ARCH_MXS || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.c b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.c
index a371b4f91c53..df2e4be992d2 100644
--- a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.c
+++ b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.c
@@ -1,21 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
  *
  * Based on sound/soc/imx/imx-pcm-dma-mx2.c
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
- * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
- * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  */
 
 #include <linux/device.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.h b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.h
index 035ea0436ca5..4f9c419f3520 100644
--- a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.h
+++ b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-pcm.h
@@ -1,19 +1,6 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
- * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
- * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  */
 
 #ifndef _MXS_PCM_H
diff --git a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.c b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.c
index 2bbb92ed96c8..269b6d6df250 100644
--- a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.c
+++ b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.c
@@ -1,19 +1,6 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Copyright 2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
- * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
- * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  */
 
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.h b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.h
index 9a4c0b291b9e..8f369283df43 100644
--- a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.h
+++ b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-saif.h
@@ -1,19 +1,6 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
- * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
- * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  */
 
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-sgtl5000.c b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-sgtl5000.c
index 2b3f2408301a..f41c2d640751 100644
--- a/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-sgtl5000.c
+++ b/sound/soc/mxs/mxs-sgtl5000.c
@@ -1,19 +1,6 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Copyright 2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
- * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
- * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  */
 
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/nuc900/Kconfig b/sound/soc/nuc900/Kconfig
index 7f0c954dff6f..e1b22fbcb159 100644
--- a/sound/soc/nuc900/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/nuc900/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 ##
 ## NUC900 series AC97 API
 ##
diff --git a/sound/soc/pxa/Kconfig b/sound/soc/pxa/Kconfig
index 67159a6b90a8..213d4dab0346 100644
--- a/sound/soc/pxa/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/pxa/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_PXA2XX_SOC
 	tristate "SoC Audio for the Intel PXA2xx chip"
 	depends on ARCH_PXA || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/pxa/imote2.c b/sound/soc/pxa/imote2.c
index 78475376f971..fd0fe42cbab0 100644
--- a/sound/soc/pxa/imote2.c
+++ b/sound/soc/pxa/imote2.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <sound/soc.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/qcom/Kconfig b/sound/soc/qcom/Kconfig
index b1764af858ba..8e3e86619b35 100644
--- a/sound/soc/qcom/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/qcom/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_QCOM
 	tristate "ASoC support for QCOM platforms"
 	depends on ARCH_QCOM || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/qcom/qdsp6/Makefile b/sound/soc/qcom/qdsp6/Makefile
index c33b3cacbea1..7e91e96f7ad5 100644
--- a/sound/soc/qcom/qdsp6/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/qcom/qdsp6/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SOC_QDSP6_COMMON) += q6dsp-common.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SOC_QDSP6_CORE) += q6core.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SOC_QDSP6_AFE) += q6afe.o
diff --git a/sound/soc/rockchip/Kconfig b/sound/soc/rockchip/Kconfig
index 957046ac6c8c..28a80c1cb41d 100644
--- a/sound/soc/rockchip/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/rockchip/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_ROCKCHIP
 	tristate "ASoC support for Rockchip"
 	depends on COMPILE_TEST || ARCH_ROCKCHIP
diff --git a/sound/soc/samsung/Kconfig b/sound/soc/samsung/Kconfig
index 0520f5afd7cc..638983123d8f 100644
--- a/sound/soc/samsung/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/samsung/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menuconfig SND_SOC_SAMSUNG
 	tristate "ASoC support for Samsung"
 	depends on PLAT_SAMSUNG || ARCH_EXYNOS || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/sirf/Kconfig b/sound/soc/sirf/Kconfig
index 840058dcad09..094a1c89c59d 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sirf/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/sirf/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_SIRF
 	tristate "SoC Audio for the SiRF SoC chips"
 	depends on ARCH_SIRF || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio-port.c b/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio-port.c
index be066de74aaa..8be2f0bc477b 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio-port.c
+++ b/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio-port.c
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * SiRF Audio port driver
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Cambridge Silicon Radio Limited, a CSR plc group company.
- *
- * Licensed under GPLv2 or later.
  */
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <sound/soc.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio.c b/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio.c
index f2bc50790f76..a758e262013d 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio.c
+++ b/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-audio.c
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * SiRF audio card driver
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Cambridge Silicon Radio Limited, a CSR plc group company.
- *
- * Licensed under GPLv2 or later.
  */
 
 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.c b/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.c
index d70fcd4a1adf..8bab119c753a 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.c
+++ b/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.c
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * SiRF USP in I2S/DSP mode
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Cambridge Silicon Radio Limited, a CSR plc group company.
- *
- * Licensed under GPLv2 or later.
  */
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.h b/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.h
index e22e13a619e8..08993b5992c4 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.h
+++ b/sound/soc/sirf/sirf-usp.h
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * arch/arm/mach-prima2/include/mach/sirfsoc_usp.h
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2011 Cambridge Silicon Radio Limited, a CSR plc group company.
- *
- * Licensed under GPLv2 or later.
  */
 
 #ifndef _SIRF_USP_H
diff --git a/sound/soc/sof/Kconfig b/sound/soc/sof/Kconfig
index b204c65698f9..048c7b034d70 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sof/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/sof/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_SOF_TOPLEVEL
 	bool "Sound Open Firmware Support"
 	help
diff --git a/sound/soc/sof/intel/Kconfig b/sound/soc/sof/intel/Kconfig
index 603e0db4f012..b86b5f9783fd 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sof/intel/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/sof/intel/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_SOF_INTEL_TOPLEVEL
 	bool "SOF support for Intel audio DSPs"
 	depends on X86 || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/sof/xtensa/Kconfig b/sound/soc/sof/xtensa/Kconfig
index 8a9343b85146..defd6d3dc03e 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sof/xtensa/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/sof/xtensa/Kconfig
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_SOF_XTENSA
 	tristate
diff --git a/sound/soc/spear/Kconfig b/sound/soc/spear/Kconfig
index 4fb91412ebec..1b053de1ae7c 100644
--- a/sound/soc/spear/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/spear/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SPEAR_SOC
 	tristate
 	select SND_SOC_GENERIC_DMAENGINE_PCM
diff --git a/sound/soc/sprd/Kconfig b/sound/soc/sprd/Kconfig
index 21f9cc34f8bd..5474fd3de8c0 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sprd/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/sprd/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_SPRD
 	tristate "SoC Audio for the Spreadtrum SoC chips"
 	depends on ARCH_SPRD || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/sti/Kconfig b/sound/soc/sti/Kconfig
index 64a690077023..f881da4b6aea 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sti/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/sti/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # STM SoC audio configuration
 #
diff --git a/sound/soc/sti/Makefile b/sound/soc/sti/Makefile
index 4b188d2d76b8..787ccb521298 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sti/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/sti/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # STI platform support
 snd-soc-sti-objs := sti_uniperif.o uniperif_player.o uniperif_reader.o
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/stm/Kconfig b/sound/soc/stm/Kconfig
index c66ffa72057e..bbade257fe89 100644
--- a/sound/soc/stm/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/stm/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menu "STMicroelectronics STM32 SOC audio support"
 
 config SND_SOC_STM32_SAI
diff --git a/sound/soc/sunxi/Kconfig b/sound/soc/sunxi/Kconfig
index 8134c3c94229..9cd7009cb570 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sunxi/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/sunxi/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menu "Allwinner SoC Audio support"
 	depends on ARCH_SUNXI || COMPILE_TEST
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-codec.c b/sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-codec.c
index 15d08e343b47..f2deffe026c5 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-codec.c
+++ b/sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-codec.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Copyright 2014 Emilio López <emilio@elopez.com.ar>
  * Copyright 2014 Jon Smirl <jonsmirl@gmail.com>
@@ -6,16 +7,6 @@
  * Copyright 2016 Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
  *
  * Based on the Allwinner SDK driver, released under the GPL.
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-spdif.c b/sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-spdif.c
index b4af4aabead1..941b6a712db0 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-spdif.c
+++ b/sound/soc/sunxi/sun4i-spdif.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * ALSA SoC SPDIF Audio Layer
  *
@@ -5,16 +6,6 @@
  * Copyright 2015 Marcus Cooper <codekipper@gmail.com>
  *
  * Based on the Allwinner SDK driver, released under the GPL.
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
  */
 
 #include <linux/clk.h>
diff --git a/sound/soc/tegra/Kconfig b/sound/soc/tegra/Kconfig
index 6875fc39a575..addadc827b91 100644
--- a/sound/soc/tegra/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/tegra/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_TEGRA
 	tristate "SoC Audio for the Tegra System-on-Chip"
 	depends on (ARCH_TEGRA && TEGRA20_APB_DMA) || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/ti/Kconfig b/sound/soc/ti/Kconfig
index ee7c202c69b7..2197f3e1eaed 100644
--- a/sound/soc/ti/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/ti/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menu "Audio support for Texas Instruments SoCs"
 depends on DMA_OMAP || TI_EDMA || COMPILE_TEST
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/txx9/Kconfig b/sound/soc/txx9/Kconfig
index ebc9327eae71..d928edf9f5a9 100644
--- a/sound/soc/txx9/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/txx9/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 ##
 ## TXx9 ACLC
 ##
diff --git a/sound/soc/ux500/Kconfig b/sound/soc/ux500/Kconfig
index aa5011894c74..34b2438b52d3 100644
--- a/sound/soc/ux500/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/ux500/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #
 # Ux500 SoC audio configuration
 #
diff --git a/sound/soc/xilinx/Kconfig b/sound/soc/xilinx/Kconfig
index 47f606b924e4..69973179ef15 100644
--- a/sound/soc/xilinx/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/xilinx/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_XILINX_I2S
 	tristate "Audio support for the Xilinx I2S"
 	help
diff --git a/sound/soc/xilinx/Makefile b/sound/soc/xilinx/Makefile
index d79fd38b094b..be7652ce7c13 100644
--- a/sound/soc/xilinx/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/xilinx/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-soc-xlnx-i2s-objs      := xlnx_i2s.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SOC_XILINX_I2S) += snd-soc-xlnx-i2s.o
 snd-soc-xlnx-formatter-pcm-objs := xlnx_formatter_pcm.o
diff --git a/sound/soc/xtensa/Kconfig b/sound/soc/xtensa/Kconfig
index c201beb36de6..74b778f186ce 100644
--- a/sound/soc/xtensa/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/xtensa/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SOC_XTFPGA_I2S
 	tristate "XTFPGA I2S master"
 	select REGMAP_MMIO
diff --git a/sound/soc/xtensa/Makefile b/sound/soc/xtensa/Makefile
index 15efbf914226..b8707f63c4ae 100644
--- a/sound/soc/xtensa/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/xtensa/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-soc-xtfpga-i2s-objs := xtfpga-i2s.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SOC_XTFPGA_I2S) += snd-soc-xtfpga-i2s.o
diff --git a/sound/soc/zte/Kconfig b/sound/soc/zte/Kconfig
index 75f67a5d23ea..a7842e4b791c 100644
--- a/sound/soc/zte/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/soc/zte/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config ZX_SPDIF
 	tristate "ZTE ZX SPDIF Driver Support"
 	depends on ARCH_ZX || COMPILE_TEST
diff --git a/sound/soc/zte/Makefile b/sound/soc/zte/Makefile
index 1fc841acdfdd..2f7cdefa42df 100644
--- a/sound/soc/zte/Makefile
+++ b/sound/soc/zte/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 obj-$(CONFIG_ZX_SPDIF)	+= zx-spdif.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_ZX_I2S)	+= zx-i2s.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_ZX_TDM)	+= zx-tdm.o
diff --git a/sound/sparc/Kconfig b/sound/sparc/Kconfig
index dfcd38647606..59b9f16e8dea 100644
--- a/sound/sparc/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/sparc/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA Sparc drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_SPARC
diff --git a/sound/sparc/amd7930.c b/sound/sparc/amd7930.c
index 56f17410fcea..441222c8e223 100644
--- a/sound/sparc/amd7930.c
+++ b/sound/sparc/amd7930.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Driver for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
  * Copyright (C) 2002, 2008 David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
diff --git a/sound/sparc/cs4231.c b/sound/sparc/cs4231.c
index 883678ee971c..138841e0f2ae 100644
--- a/sound/sparc/cs4231.c
+++ b/sound/sparc/cs4231.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Driver for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
  * Copyright (C) 2002, 2008 David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
diff --git a/sound/sparc/dbri.c b/sound/sparc/dbri.c
index 2b8ef5fe6688..010113156239 100644
--- a/sound/sparc/dbri.c
+++ b/sound/sparc/dbri.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Driver for DBRI sound chip found on Sparcs.
  * Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 Martin Habets (mhabets@users.sourceforge.net)
diff --git a/sound/spi/Kconfig b/sound/spi/Kconfig
index e6485be2e6f7..44d39fa635ae 100644
--- a/sound/spi/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/spi/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #SPI drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_SPI
diff --git a/sound/spi/at73c213.h b/sound/spi/at73c213.h
index fd8b372df5d1..2fbb0b9433fe 100644
--- a/sound/spi/at73c213.h
+++ b/sound/spi/at73c213.h
@@ -1,25 +1,8 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
 /*
  * Driver for the AT73C213 16-bit stereo DAC on Atmel ATSTK1000
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 Atmel Corporation
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
- * License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
- * 02111-1307, USA.
- *
- * The full GNU General Public License is included in this
- * distribution in the file called COPYING.
  */
 
 #ifndef _SND_AT73C213_H
diff --git a/sound/synth/Kconfig b/sound/synth/Kconfig
index dfe8950e0556..70235269b8bf 100644
--- a/sound/synth/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/synth/Kconfig
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_SYNTH_EMUX
 	tristate
diff --git a/sound/usb/6fire/Makefile b/sound/usb/6fire/Makefile
index dfce6ec53513..7d353bbf7493 100644
--- a/sound/usb/6fire/Makefile
+++ b/sound/usb/6fire/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-usb-6fire-objs += chip.o comm.o midi.o control.o firmware.o pcm.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_USB_6FIRE) += snd-usb-6fire.o
 
diff --git a/sound/usb/Kconfig b/sound/usb/Kconfig
index 6319b544ba3a..e2c53a0841da 100644
--- a/sound/usb/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/usb/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA USB drivers
 
 menuconfig SND_USB
diff --git a/sound/usb/bcd2000/Makefile b/sound/usb/bcd2000/Makefile
index f09ccc0af6ff..99546074e5f4 100644
--- a/sound/usb/bcd2000/Makefile
+++ b/sound/usb/bcd2000/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-bcd2000-y := bcd2000.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_BCD2000) += snd-bcd2000.o
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sound/usb/caiaq/Makefile b/sound/usb/caiaq/Makefile
index 388999653aaa..9a99c17a2c1b 100644
--- a/sound/usb/caiaq/Makefile
+++ b/sound/usb/caiaq/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-usb-caiaq-y := device.o audio.o midi.o control.o
 snd-usb-caiaq-$(CONFIG_SND_USB_CAIAQ_INPUT) += input.o
 
diff --git a/sound/usb/hiface/Makefile b/sound/usb/hiface/Makefile
index 463b136d1d89..8f3b24e7d6c2 100644
--- a/sound/usb/hiface/Makefile
+++ b/sound/usb/hiface/Makefile
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-usb-hiface-objs := chip.o pcm.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_USB_HIFACE) += snd-usb-hiface.o
diff --git a/sound/usb/line6/Kconfig b/sound/usb/line6/Kconfig
index 39b400392d71..ab557e5eee9d 100644
--- a/sound/usb/line6/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/usb/line6/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 config SND_USB_LINE6
 	tristate
 	select SND_RAWMIDI
diff --git a/sound/usb/misc/Makefile b/sound/usb/misc/Makefile
index ccefd8158936..068ecd7bc043 100644
--- a/sound/usb/misc/Makefile
+++ b/sound/usb/misc/Makefile
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-ua101-objs := ua101.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SND_USB_UA101) += snd-ua101.o
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
index 8082f7b077f1..e82c5236482d 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/us122l.c
@@ -1,19 +1,6 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2007, 2008 Karsten Wiese <fzu@wemgehoertderstaat.de>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
- * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
- * option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
- * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
  */
 
 #include <linux/slab.h>
diff --git a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c
index 51d73111263a..091c071b270a 100644
--- a/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c
+++ b/sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.c
@@ -1,19 +1,6 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2007, 2008 Karsten Wiese <fzu@wemgehoertderstaat.de>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
- * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
- * option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
- * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
  */
 
 #include <linux/usb.h>
diff --git a/sound/x86/Kconfig b/sound/x86/Kconfig
index 8adf4d1bd46e..21f8919678fb 100644
--- a/sound/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/x86/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 menuconfig SND_X86
 	bool "X86 sound devices"
 	depends on X86
diff --git a/sound/x86/Makefile b/sound/x86/Makefile
index 7ff919808320..6b5ffb329d47 100644
--- a/sound/x86/Makefile
+++ b/sound/x86/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 snd-hdmi-lpe-audio-objs += \
 	intel_hdmi_audio.o
 
diff --git a/sound/xen/Kconfig b/sound/xen/Kconfig
index e4d7beb4df1c..d812eff65dcb 100644
--- a/sound/xen/Kconfig
+++ b/sound/xen/Kconfig
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # ALSA Xen drivers
 
 config SND_XEN_FRONTEND